What is the term for small, measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at a crime scene?

The correct term for small, measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at a crime scene is trace evidence. This type of evidence can include a variety of substances, such as hair, fibers, soil, or glass, which can be crucial in linking a suspect to a crime scene or victim. Trace evidence is often collected with specialized techniques and analyzed using scientific methods to provide valuable information during an investigation.

Locard's Principle of Exchange refers to the idea that any time two objects come into contact, there is a transfer of material between them, which is foundational to understanding how evidence may be left at a crime scene. A secondary crime scene is a location other than the primary site of the crime where further evidence can be found, and triangulation is a method used to locate evidence or body positions using known coordinates. While these concepts are important in crime scene investigation, they do not specifically describe small amounts of material found at the scene, making trace evidence the most accurate answer in this context.